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中美管道焊接安全标准差异研究
The Difference Analysis on the Welding Safe Standards of China and the United States
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 马伟平1 蔡亮2 王禹钦3 潘腾1
- 作者单位:
- 1. 中国石油管道科技研究中心，河北廊坊 065000；
2. 中国航油集团津京管道运输有限责任公司，天津，300300；3. 中国石油管道公司，河北廊坊 065000
1、PetroChina Pipeline R&D Center，Langfang，Hebei，065000； 2、China National Aviation Fuel TSN-PEK Pipeline Transportation Corporation，Tianjin，300300； 3、PetroChina Pipeline Company，Langfang，Hebei，065000
- 关键词:
- 焊接 安全 标准 装备 危险识别 气体检测
Welding Safety Standard Equipment Risk Identification Gas Inspection
- 摘要:
- 焊接是管道建设运行中的重要技术问题。保障焊接作业安全和人员健康安全具有重要意义。美国管道标准具有较强的权威性和通用性，值得研究借鉴。选取了美国行业协会API、AWS和NFPA的焊接安全标准，针对管道焊接的重要问题，包括安全管理制度、防护装备、消防措施、危险识别、通风、受限空间焊接安全等，结合我国管道工程实践，研究了中美管道焊接安全标准的关键技术性差异。美国管道焊接安全标准先进性表现在安全监督员承担救援职责，焊接防护装备功能性要求，焊接场所应用水喷淋消防设施，识别潜在的慢性健康危险因素，焊接场所局部排风、局部强制通风和全面机械通风方式，受限空间气体环境严格，以及IDLH专业救援方法等。通过研究借鉴美国焊接安全标准的先进经验和推荐做法，对于提高我国石油行业焊接作业安全水平具有参考价值。
Welding was the important problem during pipeline construction and operation state. It was important to ensure welding safe and personnel health. The American pipeline standards have strong authority and versatility, it was worth studying and learning. The paper selected American industry institute API, AWS and NFPA welding safety standards. Aiming at important problem for pipeline welding, including of safety management system, protection equipment, fire protection measures, risk identification, ventilation, limited space welding safety, combined with China pipeline engineering practice, the key technical differences of China and American pipeline welding safety standard was studied. The advancement of American pipeline welding safety standard was expounded, such as safety supervisors have rescue duties, welding protective equipment functional requirements, application of water spray fire facilities at welding areas, identifying chronic potential health hazard factors,welding places local ventilation, local mandatory ventilation and overall mechanical ventilation, confined space gas environment strictly, and professional rescue IDLH methods. By studying the advanced experience and recommended practice of American welding safety standards, it will be of reference value to improve the safety level of welding in China petroleum industry.
